These training parameters can be estimated with reasonable accuracy from training HR data. Key metrics for training load monitoring include Training Impulse (TRIMP), Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC), and Energy Expenditure (EE). Utilizing HR and HRV data helps to optimize training load and recovery for optimal development of performance and for preventing injuries. Monitoring of heart rate (HR) and its variability (HRV) during athletic training and rest provides critical insights on the impact of training on the athlete’s physiology. Results suggest superior accuracy of chest strap over vest for HR and physiological metrics monitoring during sports. 54.15% for EPOC with chest strap and vest, respectively. Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for HR was 0.76% with chest strap and 3.32% with vest. Twenty-five healthy subjects (six females) participated. A 3-lead clinical Holter ECG was used as a reference. To evaluate the impact of the sensor mechanical design on the accuracy of the HR/HRV and further on to estimation of EPOC, EE, and TRIMP, we recorded HR and HRV from a chest strap and a vest with the same ECG sensor during supervised exercise protocol. Mechanical design, placement of electrodes, and ergonomics of the sensor affect the measured signal quality and artefacts. Chest straps, and recently also dry electrodes integrated to special sports vests, are used to monitor HR during sports. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) based physiological metrics such as Excess Post-exercise Oxygen Consumption (EPOC), Energy Expenditure (EE), and Training Impulse (TRIMP) are widely utilized in coaching to monitor and optimize an athlete’s training load.
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